V diet results
(2015) The Theory of Planned Behaviour and dietary patterns: A systematic review and meta-analysis. (2015) Nutrition in Heart Failure: More Than Drugs and Devices. The small between-group differences in the diets during the trial are probably due to the facts that for most trial participants the baseline diet was similar to the trial Mediterranean diet and that the control group was given recommendations for a healthy diet, suggesting a potentially greater benefit of the Mediterranean diet as compared with Western diets. Vita. Goldstein, Ralph L. J. (2016) Diet, weight loss, and liver health in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: Pathophysiology, evidence, and practice. Samet. CrossRef 204 Nazanin Khasteganan, Deborah Lycett, Andy P Turner, Amanda Farley, Nicola Lindson-Hawley, Gill Furze, Deborah Lycett. CrossRef 383 J. 8 years. This is consistent with epidemiologic studies that showed an inverse association between the Mediterranean diet 2,34 or olive-oil consumption 22 and incident stroke. Yubero-Serrano, Antonio Camargo, Carmen Marin, Fernando Rodriguez-Cantalejo, Purificacion Gomez-Luna, Jose M. Catapano, Ian Graham, Guy De Backer, Olov Wiklund, M. Yearly interim analyses began after a median of 2 years of follow-up. K. CrossRef 380 Jose Lara, Edel Turbett, Agata Mckevic, Kate Rudgard, Henrietta Hearth, John C. Tousoulis, M. 2016. 2016. (2015) Effect of almond consumption on vascular function in patients with coronary artery disease: a randomized, controlled, cross-over trial. CrossRef 20 Tammy Y. Livingstone, Carlos Celis-Morales, Santiago Navas-Carretero, Rodrigo San-Cristobal, Hannah Forster, Clare B. Ordovas, Marta Garaulet, Jose Lopez-Miranda, Pablo Perez-Martinez. Dungan. CrossRef 243 Tania-Marisa Freitas-Simoes, Emilio Ros, Aleix Sala-Vila. 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On the basis of the results of an interim analysis, the trial was stopped after a median follow-up of 4. Nishi, K. James. 2016. ) grown in three geographical macrozones in Chile. Pintaudi, A. CrossRef 249 Luca De Nicola, Carmine Zoccali. Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics 116:10, 1551-1559. (2016) Therapeutic effects of vinegar: a review. Freeman, Geoffrey A. Participants in the control group also received dietary training at the baseline visit and completed the 14-item dietary screener used to assess baseline adherence to the Mediterranean diet. CrossRef 262 Lucas F. (2016) Dietary patterns are associated with lung function among Spanish smokers without respiratory disease. Chachay. (2016) Review of multimodal therapies for obesity treatment: including dietary, counseling strategies, and pharmacologic interventions. Journal of the American College of Nutrition 35:3, 224-235. 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During follow-up, scores on the 14-item Mediterranean-diet screener increased for the participants in the two Mediterranean-diet groups (Fig. CrossRef 43 Maurizio Gallieni, Adamasco Cupisti. CrossRef 307 Juan Carlos Kaski. CrossRef 89 John Cawley, Chad Meyerhoefer, Leah G. References References 1 Willett WC, Sacks F, Trichopoulou A, et al. Social Media and Health Behavior Change. Lara, C. (2016) The Impact of Gender and Protein Intake on the Success of Weight Maintenance and Associated Cardiovascular Risk Benefits, Independent of the Mode of Food Provision: The DiOGenes Randomized Trial. Stanner, A. EXPLORE: The Journal of Science and Healing 11:6, 489-493. CrossRef 240 Masoud Veissi, Razieh Anari, Reza Amani, Hajieh Shahbazian, Seyed Mahmoud Latifi. F. The results of multivariate analyses showed a similar protective effect of the two Mediterranean diets versus the control diet with respect to the primary end point ( Table 3 ). We tested the proportionality of hazards with the use of time-varying covariates. Mitchell. Chiva-Blanch, J. Ammerman. (2016) Trans fat and cardiovascular disease mortality: Evidence from bans in restaurants in New York. (2016) Lifestyle and Dietary Interventions in the Management of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. CrossRef 125 J Wirth, R di Giuseppe, H Boeing, C Weikert. E. Effects of a Mediterranean-style diet on cardiovascular risk factors: a randomized trial. End Points The primary end point was a composite of myocardial infarction, stroke, and death from cardiovascular causes. (2016) Urinary metabolomic profiling to identify biomarkers of a flavonoid-rich and flavonoid-poor fruits and vegetables diet in adults: the FLAVURS trial. Beginning on October 1, 2003, participants were randomly assigned, in a 1:1:1 ratio, to one of three dietary intervention groups: a Mediterranean diet supplemented with extra-virgin olive oil, a Mediterranean diet supplemented with nuts, or a control diet. Morales Salgado, J. The Medi-RIVAGE study: reduction of cardiovascular disease risk factors after a 3-mo intervention with a Mediterranean-type diet or a low-fat diet. Dansinger, Stefania Lamon-Fava, Ernst J. Fruit, vegetables, and olive oil and risk of coronary heart disease in Italian women: the EPICOR Study. 2017. Taboada, Sheila A. (2016) Lifestyle Choices Fuel Epidemics of Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Among Asian Indians. Tanzi, M. Pfeiffer, Teodora Handjieva-Darlenska, Petr Hlavaty, Steen Stender, Thomas M. CHRONIC DISEASE EPIDEMIOLOGY, PREVENTION, AND CONTROL, 4th edition. Alfredo Martinez. 3%) than in the Mediterranean-diet groups (4. Flood, G. (2016) The 7th International Conference on Polyphenols and Health. Yubero-Serrano, Javier Lopez-Moreno, Francisco Jose Tinahones, Jose M. Thereafter, participants assigned to the control diet received personalized advice and were invited to group sessions with the same frequency and intensity as those in the Mediterranean-diet groups, with the use of a separate 9-item dietary screener (Table S3 in the Supplementary Appendix ). CrossRef 54 Carl D Koch, Mark T Gladwin, Bruce A Freeman, Jon O Lundberg, Eddie Weitzberg, Alison Morris. Saklayen, Neeraj V. CrossRef 319 Marc van Bilsen. Faraj, A. Birkenfeld. CrossRef 302 Kathleen M. CrossRef 234 Anuar Samad, Azrina Azlan, Amin Ismail. Please turn it on so that you can experience the full capabilities of this site. Davies. Empirical Evidence from the U. Guterres, Andrea F. Caligiuri, Grant N. Lennox, J. Smith, A. All medical records related to end points were examined by the end-point adjudication committee, whose members were unaware of the study-group assignments. Mooney, S. Srichaikul, P. 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Participants in the two Mediterranean-diet groups significantly increased weekly servings of fish (by 0. CrossRef 310 A. Wasserman. There were significant differences between these groups and the control group in 12 of the 14 items at 3 years (Table S5 in the Supplementary Appendix ). International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition 67:6, 593-605. Treating Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Padro, G. Sales, Maria E. Keen. The effect of Mediterranean diet on metabolic syndrome and its components: a meta-analysis of 50 studies and 534,906 individuals. CrossRef 183 Javier Delgado-Lista, Pablo Perez-Martinez, Antonio Garcia-Rios, Juan F. They are particularly relevant given the challenges of achieving and maintaining weight loss. CrossRef 261 Shamik Bhattacharyya, Rachit Bakshi, Robert Logan, Alberto Ascherio, Eric A. However, we found no significant interaction between the period of trial enrollment (before vs. 2017. Siri-Tarino. 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Abstract Background Observational cohort studies and a secondary prevention trial have shown an inverse association between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and cardiovascular risk. Dietary Fatty Acids and C-Reactive Protein. Machado, Hevila Araujo, Maria L. (2016) Anti-inflammatory Effect of Mediterranean Diet in Type 2 Diabetes Is Durable: 8-Year Follow-up of a Controlled Trial. (2016) Modification in a single meal is sufficient to provoke benefits in inflammatory responses of individuals at low-to-moderate cardiometabolic risk. S. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 00-00. Jebb, Anthony Kafatos, Angeliki Papadaki, Andreas F. W. E-Commerce Retail Market. Williams, Maria Ramirez. Journal of the American College of Nutrition 35:1, 20-30. (2016) Optimizing management of glycaemia. CrossRef 330 Enzo Grossi. Serra-Majem. Hannah, Stephen A. Teixeira, Gabriela C. Dick, Michael R. Crispi. Nutrition, Diet Quality, and Cardiovascular Health. 8 years (interquartile range, 2. Devlin, James M. This could be due to stronger effects on specific risk factors for stroke but also to a lower statistical power to identify effects on myocardial infarction. (2016) Fruit and vegetable intake and cardiovascular risk factors in people with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes. CrossRef 244 Giuseppa Morabito, Mauro Serafini. (2016) What Is the Value of Extrinsic Olive Oil Cues in Emerging Markets. CrossRef 337 Monika Schreiner, Inga Mewis, Susanne Neugart, Rita Zrenner, Johannes Glaab, Melanie Wiesner, Marcel A. Lovegrove, Fulvio Mattivi. CrossRef 391 Courtney Rose Davis, Janet Bryan, Jonathan Marcus Hodgson, Carlene Wilson, Karen Joy Murphy. Moreira, Ana C. (2016) Cardiovascular Benefits of the Mediterranean Diet Are Driven by Stroke Reduction and Possibly by Decreased Atrial Fibrillation Incidence. Zanini, Michael J. Nigam. The Use of Complementary Alternative and Integrative Medicine (CAIM) for Treatment and Prevention of Late-Life Depression and Cardiovascular Disease. e7. (2016) A systematic review and meta-analysis of nut consumption and incident risk of CVD and all-cause mortality. Wareham, Kay-Tee Khaw, Fumiaki Imamura, Nita G. 2016. Barbosa, Ana P. John Mancini, Ruth McPherson, Daniel Ngui, Paul Poirier, John L. (2016) Randomized trial of switching from prescribed non-selective non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs to prescribed celecoxib: the Standard care vs. (2016) Nutrition and Cardiovascular Disease: Finding the Perfect Recipe for Cardiovascular Health. CrossRef 162 Elio Gorga, Valentina Regazzoni, Sameer Bansilal, Valentina Carubelli, Eleftheria Trichaki, Mara Gavazzoni, Carlo Lombardi, Riccardo Raddino, Marco Metra. K. (2016) Polyunsaturated fats, carbohydrates and carotid disease: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Carotid MRI study. Preventing a First Stroke. Marinho, Renata Torres Abib, Aline Longo, Eduardo G. We did not find any significant difference in changes in physical activity among the three groups. Richard Hobbs, Stuart H. CrossRef 210 A. Vatten, Elio Riboli, Teresa Norat. Eapen, Laurence Sperling. Mc Auley. Couture, V. CrossRef 365 Liliana Perdomo, Nuria Beneit, Yolanda F. Heyde, Francisca E. (2016) New Insights on the Use of Dietary Polyphenols or Probiotics for the Management of Arterial Hypertension. (2015) Interdisciplinary lifestyle intervention for weight management in a community population (HealthTrack study): Study design and baseline sample characteristics. HEAL for Heart Diseases. Effect of a Mediterranean diet supplemented with nuts on metabolic syndrome status: one-year results of the PREDIMED randomized trial. Pierce. 2016. org. R. The Charms and Harms of Personalized Medicine11A shorter version of the text of this chapter was published in the European Journal of Epidemiology (James, 2014). Siri-Tarino, Ronald M. B. Dropout rates were higher in the control group (11. Genovese. CrossRef 295 Newaz Hossain, Pushpjeet Kanwar, Smruti R. Lipidsenkende Mittel. (2016) Psychosocial Factors in Diabetes and Cardiovascular Risk. Abrahamson. Chiloiro, D. Power curves under several assumptions can be found in Fig. (2016) Lifestyle modification for stroke prevention. CrossRef 296 S. Rich, Paul J. (2016) Inflammatory risk factors, biomarkers and associated therapy in ischaemic stroke. Hu. Haresign, S. Waring, Keiko Asao, Lorena Garcia, Milagros Rosal, Marian L. Discussion In this trial, an energy-unrestricted Mediterranean diet supplemented with either extra-virgin olive oil or nuts resulted in an absolute risk reduction of approximately 3 major cardiovascular events per 1000 person-years, for a relative risk reduction of approximately 30%, among high-risk persons who were initially free of cardiovascular disease. Only end points that were confirmed by the adjudication committee and that occurred between October 1, 2003, and December 1, 2010, were included in the analyses. Elkind. S. (2016) Mediterranean diet and metabolic syndrome prevalence in type 2 diabetes patients in Ahvaz, southwest of Iran. (2015) Randomized study designs for lifestyle interventions: a tutorial. Leandro, Hubert Vidal, Luciano Pirola. In each session, a 14-item dietary screener was used to assess adherence to the Mediterranean diet 8,14 (Table S1 in the Supplementary Appendix ) so that personalized advice could be provided to the study participants in these groups. A large randomized individual and group intervention conducted by registered dieticians increased the adherence to Mediterranean-type diets: the PREDIMED study. V. (2016) Raman Spectroscopic Measurements of Dermal Carotenoids in Breast Cancer Operated Patients Provide Evidence for the Positive Impact of a Dietary Regimen Rich in Fruit and Vegetables on Body Oxidative Stress and BC Prognostic Anthropometric Parameters: A Five-Year Study. CrossRef 21 Gianluca Perseghin, Anna Solini. Ferreira. C. Anatomy of health effects of Mediterranean diet: Greek EPIC prospective cohort study. The epidemiology of multiple sclerosis. A. C. Hoes, Stefan Agewall, Christian Albus, Carlos Brotons, Alberico L. (2015) Consumption of nuts and risk of total and cause-specific mortality over 15 years. Regarding components of the primary end point, only the comparisons of stroke risk reached statistical significance ( Table 3, and Fig. (2016) Weighing up dietary patterns. Scudeller, Hans Hauner, Kristina Renault, Linda Reme Sagedal, Signe N. A. Lucena, Auriene L. (2016) Cardiovascular risk in climacteric women: focus on diet. CrossRef 3 Susan Ettinger. Skilton, F. S. (2016) Established atherosclerosis might be a prerequisite for chicory and its constituent protocatechuic acid to promote endothelium-dependent vasodilation in mice. CrossRef 297 Gerald Klose, Ulrich Schwabe. Souza, Joseane Morari, Guilherme O. Neuhouser. Anand, Andrew Mente. S. M.
The two Mediterranean-diet groups had good adherence to the intervention, according to self-reported intake and biomarker analyses. Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease 7:06, 626-635. (2016) Scientific evidence and daily food for a better life: Milan, 19 June 2015. Daviglus, Linda Van Horn, Paul Elliott. The role of tree nuts and peanuts in the prevention of coronary heart disease: multiple potential mechanisms. Stafne, Christina Vinter, Arne Astrup, Nina R. D. Chen. Deshpande. 2016. We acknowledge that, even though participants in the control group received advice to reduce fat intake, changes in total fat were small and the largest differences at the end of the trial were in the distribution of fat subtypes. Charlton. Andres-Lacueva. 2016. Middleton, R. Ritchie, Susana Perez-Gutthann, Eugene Connolly, Nicola Greenlaw, Adam Wilson, Li Wei, Isla S. CrossRef 341 Andreas Daiber, Sebastian Steven, Alina Weber, Vladimir V. A. Morgan, K. Full Text of Methods. Uehara, Sandramara Sasso, Annie S. Coutinho, Mayara G. CrossRef 303 L. Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics 116:11, 1767-1775. Nutraceuticals in Cardiovascular Diseases. (2016) The limitations of opportunistic epidemiology, pseudopod epidemiology. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 00-00. Thiele, Daniel R. Detailed enrollment criteria are provided in the Supplementary Appendix, available at NEJM. Secondary end points were stroke, myocardial infarction, death from cardiovascular causes, and death from any cause. Abbrescia, A. CrossRef 24 Osama Hamdy, Mohd-Yusof Barakatun-Nisak. Batterham, Elizabeth P. Diabetes Mellitus in Developing Countries and Underserved Communities, 251-284. Ros. Second, we had losses to follow-up, predominantly in the control group, but the participants who dropped out had a worse cardiovascular risk profile at baseline than those who remained in the study, suggesting a bias toward a benefit in the control group. T. 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(2016) Angiographic progression of coronary atherosclerosis in patients with familial hypercholesterolaemia treated with non-statin therapy: Impact of a fat-modified diet and a resin. M. 8). 2016. No other potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported. Lawman, Dawn K. (2016) Cardiac Rehabilitation Delivery Model for Low-Resource Settings: An International Council of Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation Consensus Statement. F. Hu. None of the sponsors had any role in the trial design, data analysis, or reporting of the results. (2016) Adherence to the Mediterranean dietary pattern and BMI change among US adolescents. Bihuniak, Anna Ramos, Tania Huedo-Medina, Heather Hutchins-Wiese, Jane E. Damaceno, Elisa M. However, the realization that the more infrequent visit schedule and less intense support for the control group might be limitations of the trial prompted us to amend the protocol in October 2006. Voortman, O. Hodgson, Carlene Wilson, Varinderpal Dhillon, Karen J. Tselepis, Andreas G. Archives des Maladies du Coeur et des Vaisseaux - Pratique 2016:252, 10-12. (2016) School and family-based interventions for promoting a healthy lifestyle among children and adolescents in Italy. (2016) CORonary Diet Intervention with Olive oil and cardiovascular PREVention study (the CORDIOPREV study): Rationale, methods, and baseline characteristics. Walford. CrossRef 168 Chuan Shao, Hui Tang, Wei Zhao, Jianquan He. Leiter, R. CrossRef 236 Linda C Tapsell. (2016) Enterosalivary nitrate metabolism and the microbiome: intersection of microbial metabolism, nitric oxide and diet in cardiac and pulmonary vascular health. Manson, Matthew Allison, Thomas Rohan, Oleg Zaslavsky, Molly E. Vacheron. Friedman. Craig, G. To account for small imbalances in risk factors at baseline among the groups, Cox regression models were used to adjust for sex, age, and baseline risk factors. The results of our trial might explain, in part, the lower cardiovascular mortality in Mediterranean countries than in northern European countries or the United States. Ho. 2016. the control group) before and after this date. Mathers. Aronne. The results of several sensitivity analyses were also consistent with the findings of the primary analysis (Table S9 in the Supplementary Appendix ). (2015) The effect of three different ad libitum diets for weight loss maintenance: a randomized 18-month trial. Richter, Naveed Sattar, Yvo Smulders, Monica Tiberi, H. (2016) Efficacy of phytosterols and fish-oil supplemented high-oleic-sunflower oil rich diets in hypercholesterolemic growing rats. Pasco. Fundamentals of Cardiology for the Non-Cardiologist. Allison, Arne Astrup. (2016) A Simple Dietary Questionnaire Correlates With Formal Dietitian Evaluation and Frequently Identifies Specific Clinical Interventions in an Outpatient Gastroenterology Clinic. Hackett, Andrew Steptoe. CrossRef 304 E. CrossRef 86 M J E Lamb, S J Griffin, S J Sharp, A J M Cooper. A primary end-point event occurred in 288 participants. (2016) Prototypical versus contemporary Mediterranean Diet. (2015) Impact of Nutrition on Cerebral Circulation and Cognition in the Metabolic Syndrome. A short screener is valid for assessing Mediterranean diet adherence among older Spanish men and women. CrossRef 347 L. Francis, Jacques Genest, Steven Grover, Milan Gupta, Robert A. Nutritional Pathophysiology of Obesity and its Comorbidities, 129-160. In addition, to account for the protocol change in October 2006 whereby the intensity of dietary intervention in the control group was increased, we compared hazard ratios for the Mediterranean-diet groups (both groups merged vs. Mahady, Jacob George. CrossRef 343 Csaba K. 33 The risk of stroke was reduced significantly in the two Mediterranean-diet groups. S2 in the Supplementary Appendix ). Cryan. Health, not weight loss, focused programmes versus conventional weight loss programmes for cardiovascular risk factors. Lavie. (2016) Estimates of the direct and indirect cost savings associated with heart disease that could be avoided through dietary change in the United States. Kafatos. (2016) Saturated fat and heart disease: The latest evidence. Powles, Majid Ezzati, Dariush Mozaffarian,. CrossRef 392 Daniel Cauchi, Harry Rutter, Cecile Knai. S. (2016) Effects of Walnut Consumption on Mood in Young Adults—A Randomized Controlled Trial. Blumberg, Joseph A. CrossRef 184 Luigi Roselli, Domenico Carlucci, Bernardo Corrado De Gennaro. B. Guess. Their baseline characteristics according to study group are shown in Table 2 Table 2 Baseline Characteristics of the Participants According to Study Group. (2016) A Dietary Treatment Improves Cerebral Blood Flow and Brain Connectivity in Aging apoE4 Mice. Bornstein, Andreas L. S. I. 2016. Corey, Mary E. 8 to 5. Prespecified subgroup analyses were conducted according to sex, age, body-mass index (BMI), cardiovascular-risk-factor status, and baseline adherence to the Mediterranean diet. Richter, Naveed Sattar, Yvo Smulders, Monica Tiberi, H. CrossRef 331 Veronique S. 4 servings) in comparison with those in the control group (Table S6 in the Supplementary Appendix ). (2016) Deconvoluting the Dual Antiplatelet Activity of a Plant Extract. M. A Healthier Holiday Indulgence: Dark-Chocolate Covered Pears Recipe. Saris, Hannelore Daniel, Mike Gibney, John C. (2016) Response to Comment on Qian et al. CrossRef 185 Yan-Chuan Li, Chun-Long Li, Jia-Yue Qi, Li-Na Huang, Dan Shi, Shan-Shan Du, Li-Yan Liu, Ren-Nan Feng, Chang-Hao Sun. Management of Angina. Mikhailidis, Aseem Malhotra, Simon Capewell. CrossRef 393 D. (2016) Examining the relationship between food, diet and health. (2016) Immune-Microbiota Interactions: Dysbiosis as a Global Health Issue. (2016) Dietary interventions in overweight and obese pregnant women: a systematic review of the content, delivery, and outcomes of randomized controlled trials. Zoltani. Aslaksen,,. Helzberg, Carl J. Broersen, Arend Heerschap, Amanda J. Rana, Loki Natarajan. Alkhatib, M. CrossRef 199 Alice Ravera, Valentina Carubelli, Edoardo Sciatti, Ivano Bonadei, Elio Gorga, Dario Cani, Enrico Vizzardi, Marco Metra, Carlo Lombardi. Time-to-event data were analyzed with the use of Cox models with two dummy variables (one for the Mediterranean diet with extra-virgin olive oil and another for the Mediterranean diet with nuts) to obtain two hazard ratios for the comparison with the control group. 2016. (2016) A Mediterranean-style diet, its components and the risk of heart failure: a prospective population-based study in a non-Mediterranean country. Halladay, Alice S. Fodor, Claes Held, Petr Jansky, Matyas Keltai, Katalin Keltai, Kamlesh Kunti, Jae-Hyung Kim, Lawrence Leiter, Basil Lewis, Lisheng Liu, Patricio Lopez-Jaramillo, Prem Pais, Alexandr Parkhomenko, Ron J. HEAL for Stroke. CrossRef 318 Jack E. 2016. Olive oil intake and CHD in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition Spanish cohort. CrossRef 282 Clare Stradling, G Neil Thomas, Karla Hemming, Gary Frost, Isabel Garcia-Perez, Sabi Redwood, Shahrad Taheri. CrossRef 9 J. J. In conclusion, in this primary prevention trial, we observed that an energy-unrestricted Mediterranean diet, supplemented with extra-virgin olive oil or nuts, resulted in a substantial reduction in the risk of major cardiovascular events among high-risk persons. All participants provided written informed consent. CrossRef 292 Adela Hruby, Frank B. Traina, G. Joseph, Sherita Hill Golden. W. (2015) Baseline diabetes as a way to predict CV outcomes in a lipid-modifying trial: a meta-analysis of 330,376 patients from 47 landmark studies. Via, Jeffrey I. B. CrossRef 232 Harald Sourij, Roland Edlinger, Friedrich Prischl, Martin Auinger, Alexandra Kautzky-Willer, Marcus D. Methods In a multicenter trial in Spain, we randomly assigned participants who were at high cardiovascular risk, but with no cardiovascular disease at enrollment, to one of three diets: a Mediterranean diet supplemented with extra-virgin olive oil, a Mediterranean diet supplemented with mixed nuts, or a control diet (advice to reduce dietary fat). CrossRef 29 FD Richard Hobbs, Maciej Banach, Dimitri P. (2016) Dietary total antioxidant capacity and mortality in the PREDIMED study. (2015) Effects of short-term walnut consumption on human microvascular function and its relationship to plasma epoxide content. (2016) The relationships between content of heavy metals in soil and in strawberries. Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Lipoprotein Metabolism and the Treatment of Lipid Disorders. Calle-Pascual. CrossRef 299 Sokunthea Peou, Brittany Milliard-Hasting, Sachin A. (2016) A community-based lifestyle and weight loss intervention promoting a Mediterranean-style diet pattern evaluated in the stroke belt of North Carolina: the Heart Healthy Lenoir Project. Gillingham, Penny Kris-Etherton, Peter J. (2016) Chronic kidney disease prevalence in the general population: heterogeneity and concerns: Table 1. Rinella. Tektonidis, Nicola Orsini, Alicja Wolk, Susanna C. No total calorie restriction was advised, nor was physical activity promoted. Lifestyle Choices, Risk Factors, and Cardiovascular Disease. (2016) Impact of avocado-enriched diets on plasma lipoproteins: A meta-analysis. Cabral, Ana C. (2016) The medicalisation of prevention: health promotion is more than a pill a day. CrossRef 4 Goreti Botelho, Sara Canas, Jorge Lameiras. Results Baseline Characteristics of the Study Participants From October 2003 through June 2009, a total of 8713 candidates were screened for eligibility, and 7447 were randomly assigned to one of the three study groups (Fig. (2016) Is statin-modified reduction in lipids the most important preventive therapy for cardiovascular disease. Lambert, M. Hollman. CrossRef 409 Laura Mellendijk, Maximilian Wiesmann, Amanda Kiliaan. P. 10 Information from the food-frequency questionnaire was used to calculate intake of energy and nutrients. Michos. Mackenzie. Lobos Bejarano, F. Perrone, A. CrossRef 281 Roberta Fontana, Sara Torre. For participants in the two Mediterranean-diet groups, dietitians ran individual and group dietary-training sessions at the baseline visit and quarterly thereafter. Hauptman. Williams, J. Thus, extra-virgin olive oil and nuts were probably responsible for most of the observed benefits of the Mediterranean diets. CrossRef 386, Jinho Shin, Jeong Bae Park, Kwang-il Kim, Ju Han Kim, Dong Heon Yang, Wook Bum Pyun, Young Gweon Kim, Gheun-Ho Kim, Shung Chull Chae. (2016) Nutrition for the ageing brain: Towards evidence for an optimal diet. (2016) Principles of Healthful Eating. Hoes, Stefan Agewall, Christian Albus, Carlos Brotons, Alberico L. Endocrinology: Adult and Pediatric, 839-853. Thereafter, during the first 3 years of the trial, they received a leaflet explaining the low-fat diet (Table S2 in the Supplementary Appendix ) on a yearly basis. Dinan, John F. Royo-Bordonada, J. Nascimento, Gabriela F. Journal of Diabetes and its Complications 30:7, 1360-1364. Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities 3:1, 99-107. The interventions were intended to improve the overall dietary pattern, but the major between-group differences involved the supplemental items. The secondary prevention Lyon Diet Heart Study also showed a large reduction in rates of coronary heart disease events with a modified Mediterranean diet enriched with alpha-linolenic acid (a key constituent of walnuts). M. (2016) Timeline of History of Hypertension Treatment. CrossRef 63 Frank Qian, Frank B. S. (2016) Iberian cured-ham consumption improves endothelial function in healthy subjects. (2016) Clinical implications of oxidative stress and potential role of natural antioxidants in diabetic vascular complications. CrossRef 230 M. Joshi, Erin D. Brunt, Barry Lewis. (2015) The role of nutrition on cognition and brain health in ageing: a targeted approach. (2016) Change in Dietary Patterns and Change in Waist Circumference and DXA Trunk Fat Among Postmenopausal Women. Flynn, Kathryn Dalrymple, Suzanne Barr, Lucilla Poston, Louise M. Cardoso, Annie S. R. In fully adjusted analyses, we found significant results for the combined cardiovascular end point and for stroke, but not for myocardial infarction alone. (2016) Cholesterol metabolism: A review of how ageing disrupts the biological mechanisms responsible for its regulation. Jain, Neda Laiteerapong. (2015) The Mediterranean diet among British older adults: Its understanding, acceptability and the feasibility of a randomised brief intervention with two levels of dietary advice. Cubedo, D. Geiker, Fionnuala M. An update on regional variation in cardiovascular mortality within Europe. Adherence to Mediterranean diet and risk of developing diabetes: prospective cohort study. CrossRef 40 Tracy Schumacher, Tracy Burrows, Megan Rollo, Neil Spratt, Robin Callister, Clare Collins. CrossRef 198 Nan Jiang, Andrea Doseff, Erich Grotewold. Participants received quarterly individual and group educational sessions and, depending on group assignment, free provision of extra-virgin olive oil, mixed nuts, or small nonfood gifts. Burlutksy, P. 2016. Kerstetter, Anne M. CrossRef 67 Cheryl A. Lipids in Coronary Heart Disease. Mirizzi, M. A. CrossRef 68 Masao Kanauchi, Kimiko Kanauchi. Ramprasath, C. H. P. Rousseau. B. We conducted a randomized trial of this diet pattern for the primary prevention of cardiovascular events. (2016) Effects of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid on cardiovascular disease risk factors: a randomized clinical trial. Hebert, Julie A. Mensink. Hawkey, Ian Ford, John J. CrossRef 142 Stephanie P. Catapano, Ian Graham, Guy De Backer, Olov Wiklund, M. H. (2015) Aldehyde-modified proteins as mediators of early inflammation in atherosclerotic disease. Cohort profile: design and methods of the PREDIMED study. That result, however, was based on only a few major events. CrossRef 257 P. (2016) Medical and Surgical Treatment Options for Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis. (2016) Mediterranean diet and mortality risk in metabolically healthy obese and metabolically unhealthy obese phenotypes. Crepaldi, S. CrossRef 26 Haiyan Tong. Tzakos. (2016) Adherence to the Mediterranean diet and all-cause mortality risk in an elderly Italian population: Data from the ILSA study. H. H. Ordovas, Jose Lopez-Miranda, Francisco Perez-Jimenez. (2016) An Update on Nutrients and Blood Pressure. Brotons Cuixart, P. Olive oil intake and mortality within the Spanish population (EPIC-Spain). Bashyam, L. These results support the benefits of the Mediterranean diet for cardiovascular risk reduction. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis 51, 61-68. 2016. CrossRef 305 D. McNeill. (2016) Dietary intake in people consuming a reduced-carbohydrate diet in the National Diet and Nutrition Survey. McClave. Joris, Ronald P. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 00-00. 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(2016) The Deep Correlation between Energy Metabolism and Reproduction: A View on the Effects of Nutrition for Women Fertility. Ramos, Marilia C. In addition, participants assigned to a Mediterranean diet with extra-virgin olive oil and those assigned to a Mediterranean diet with nuts significantly increased their consumption of extra-virgin olive oil (to 50 and 32 g per day, respectively) and nuts (to 0. Drug-treatment regimens were similar for participants in the three groups, and they continued to be balanced during the follow-up period (Table S4 in the Supplementary Appendix ). 2016. (2016) Flavones: From Biosynthesis to Health Benefits. Coltman, D. Groessl, Samuel B. CrossRef 25 Pilar Pais, Agustin Villar, Santiago Rull. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity 13:1. Caruso, M. Buttriss. (2016) Nutraceutical therapies for atherosclerosis. Chan, John N. Brickman, David Cechetto, Philip Gorelick, Geert Jan Biessels, Amanda Kiliaan, Lenore Launer, Julie Schneider, Farzaneh A. Fruit Juices and the Prevention of Postprandial Metabolic Stress in Humans. Subgroup Analyses Reductions in disease risk in the two Mediterranean-diet groups as compared with the control group were similar across the prespecified subgroups ( Figure 2 Figure 2 Results of Subgroup Analyses. Jones. (2016) Iterative development of Vegethon: a theory-based mobile app intervention to increase vegetable consumption. Dietary Patterns and Healthy Aging. Mediterranean and low-fat diets improve endothelial function in hypercholesterolemic men. (2016) Association Between Blood Pressure and Adherence to French Dietary Guidelines. (2016) Diet, lipids, and cardiovascular disease. 2016. (2015) Implementing a Mediterranean diet intervention into a RCT: Lessons learned from a non-Mediterranean based country. Neale. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 00-00. 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